PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure in High income
High income: PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure was 12.97 micrograms per cubic meter in 2023. ▼ Falling
PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure in High income, 1990–2023
Source: Global Burden of Disease Study 2023 (GBD 2023) Air Pollution Exposure Estimates and Risk Curves 1990-2023, GBD Collaborator Network. Measured in micrograms per cubic meter.
Analysis
High income recorded 12.97 micrograms per cubic meter for pm2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure in 2023.
Compared with earlier readings it is down 7.2% on the previous year and down 14.0% over ten years.
Over the whole period, pm2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure in High income peaked at 20.94 micrograms per cubic meter in 1990 and was at its lowest, 12.9 micrograms per cubic meter, in 2020.
That places High income 41st out of 45 groups with data for 2023, putting it in the bottom quarter.
The long-run direction has been consistently falling across the 34 years of available data.
PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure in High income, year by year
| Year | micrograms per cubic meter | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 20.94 micrograms per cubic meter | — |
| 1991 | 20.76 micrograms per cubic meter | -0.9% |
| 1992 | 20.56 micrograms per cubic meter | -0.9% |
| 1993 | 20.36 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.0% |
| 1994 | 20.17 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.0% |
| 1995 | 20.03 micrograms per cubic meter | -0.7% |
| 1996 | 19.78 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.2% |
| 1997 | 19.59 micrograms per cubic meter | -0.9% |
| 1998 | 19.41 micrograms per cubic meter | -0.9% |
| 1999 | 19.23 micrograms per cubic meter | -0.9% |
| 2000 | 19.02 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.0% |
| 2001 | 18.08 micrograms per cubic meter | -5.0% |
| 2002 | 18.55 micrograms per cubic meter | +2.6% |
| 2003 | 18.98 micrograms per cubic meter | +2.3% |
| 2004 | 17.39 micrograms per cubic meter | -8.4% |
| 2005 | 17.68 micrograms per cubic meter | +1.7% |
| 2006 | 16.75 micrograms per cubic meter | -5.3% |
| 2007 | 16.26 micrograms per cubic meter | -2.9% |
| 2008 | 16.01 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.5% |
| 2009 | 16.01 micrograms per cubic meter | +0.0% |
| 2010 | 16.17 micrograms per cubic meter | +1.0% |
| 2011 | 15.86 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.9% |
| 2012 | 15.28 micrograms per cubic meter | -3.7% |
| 2013 | 15.08 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.3% |
| 2014 | 14.75 micrograms per cubic meter | -2.2% |
| 2015 | 14.88 micrograms per cubic meter | +0.8% |
| 2016 | 14.08 micrograms per cubic meter | -5.4% |
| 2017 | 14.32 micrograms per cubic meter | +1.7% |
| 2018 | 14.16 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.1% |
| 2019 | 13.38 micrograms per cubic meter | -5.6% |
| 2020 | 12.9 micrograms per cubic meter | -3.5% |
| 2021 | 13.64 micrograms per cubic meter | +5.7% |
| 2022 | 13.97 micrograms per cubic meter | +2.4% |
| 2023 | 12.97 micrograms per cubic meter | -7.2% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 20.08 micrograms per cubic meter | 19.23 micrograms per cubic meter | 20.94 micrograms per cubic meter | 10 |
| 2000s | 17.47 micrograms per cubic meter | 16.01 micrograms per cubic meter | 19.02 micrograms per cubic meter | 10 |
| 2010s | 14.8 micrograms per cubic meter | 13.38 micrograms per cubic meter | 16.17 micrograms per cubic meter | 10 |
| 2020s | 13.37 micrograms per cubic meter | 12.9 micrograms per cubic meter | 13.97 micrograms per cubic meter | 4 |
Countries ranked near High income
- 38 Central African Republic 33.29 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 39 Uzbekistan 32.77 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 40 Jordan 32.63 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 41 Guinea-Bissau 32.29 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 42 Syrian Arab Republic 32.06 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 43 China 31.99 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 44 Gabon 31.32 micrograms per cubic meter compare
More urban development data for High income
- Population in the largest city 19.0% (2025)
- Population density 27.2 people per sq. km of land area (2023)
- PM2.5 air pollution, population exposed to levels exceeding WHO 60.1% (2017)
Frequently asked questions
- What is pm2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure in High income?
- Pm2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure in High income was 12.97 micrograms per cubic meter in 2023, according to Global Burden of Disease Study 2023 (GBD 2023) Air Pollution Exposure Estimates and Risk Curves 1990-2023, GBD Collaborator Network.
- What is the highest pm2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure recorded in High income?
- The highest recorded value was 20.94 micrograms per cubic meter in 1990.
- What is the lowest pm2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure recorded in High income?
- The lowest recorded value was 12.9 micrograms per cubic meter in 2020.
- How does High income rank for pm2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure?
- High income ranks 41st out of 45 groups with data for 2023.
- Is pm2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure rising or falling in High income?
- Over the last ten years it is down 14.0%. The long-run trend across the full record is falling.
- Where does this High income data come from?
- The figures come from Global Burden of Disease Study 2023 (GBD 2023) Air Pollution Exposure Estimates and Risk Curves 1990-2023, GBD Collaborator Network, published as part of PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure (micrograms per cubic meter). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Population-weighted exposure to ambient PM2.5 pollution is defined as the average level of exposure of a nation's population to concentrations of suspended particles measuring less than 2.5 microns in aerodynamic diameter, which are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and causing severe health damage. Exposure is calculated by weighting mean annual concentrations of PM2.5 by population in both urban and rural areas.