PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure in Low income
Low income: PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure was 31.35 micrograms per cubic meter in 2023. ▲ Rising
PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure in Low income, 1990–2023
Source: Global Burden of Disease Study 2023 (GBD 2023) Air Pollution Exposure Estimates and Risk Curves 1990-2023, GBD Collaborator Network. Measured in micrograms per cubic meter.
Analysis
The most recent figure for pm2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure in Low income is 31.35 micrograms per cubic meter, measured in 2023.
That represents a change of down 3.9% on the previous year and down 5.0% over ten years.
Over the whole period, pm2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure in Low income peaked at 34.64 micrograms per cubic meter in 2015 and was at its lowest, 28.9 micrograms per cubic meter, in 1995.
Low income ranks 23rd of 45 groups on this measure, in the middle of the range.
The long-run direction has been consistently rising across the 34 years of available data.
PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure in Low income, year by year
| Year | micrograms per cubic meter | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 30.49 micrograms per cubic meter | — |
| 1991 | 29.85 micrograms per cubic meter | -2.1% |
| 1992 | 30.01 micrograms per cubic meter | +0.5% |
| 1993 | 30.18 micrograms per cubic meter | +0.6% |
| 1994 | 30.3 micrograms per cubic meter | +0.4% |
| 1995 | 28.9 micrograms per cubic meter | -4.6% |
| 1996 | 30.52 micrograms per cubic meter | +5.6% |
| 1997 | 30.63 micrograms per cubic meter | +0.4% |
| 1998 | 30.74 micrograms per cubic meter | +0.4% |
| 1999 | 30.86 micrograms per cubic meter | +0.4% |
| 2000 | 31.7 micrograms per cubic meter | +2.7% |
| 2001 | 32.03 micrograms per cubic meter | +1.0% |
| 2002 | 31.61 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.3% |
| 2003 | 30.59 micrograms per cubic meter | -3.2% |
| 2004 | 32.86 micrograms per cubic meter | +7.4% |
| 2005 | 31.78 micrograms per cubic meter | -3.3% |
| 2006 | 31.84 micrograms per cubic meter | +0.2% |
| 2007 | 32.32 micrograms per cubic meter | +1.5% |
| 2008 | 32.69 micrograms per cubic meter | +1.1% |
| 2009 | 31.59 micrograms per cubic meter | -3.4% |
| 2010 | 33.05 micrograms per cubic meter | +4.6% |
| 2011 | 33.67 micrograms per cubic meter | +1.9% |
| 2012 | 33.34 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.0% |
| 2013 | 33.01 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.0% |
| 2014 | 30.6 micrograms per cubic meter | -7.3% |
| 2015 | 34.64 micrograms per cubic meter | +13.2% |
| 2016 | 32.82 micrograms per cubic meter | -5.2% |
| 2017 | 31.81 micrograms per cubic meter | -3.1% |
| 2018 | 30.76 micrograms per cubic meter | -3.3% |
| 2019 | 31.3 micrograms per cubic meter | +1.7% |
| 2020 | 30.93 micrograms per cubic meter | -1.2% |
| 2021 | 31.17 micrograms per cubic meter | +0.8% |
| 2022 | 32.61 micrograms per cubic meter | +4.6% |
| 2023 | 31.35 micrograms per cubic meter | -3.9% |
Averages by decade
| Decade | Average | Lowest | Highest | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990s | 30.25 micrograms per cubic meter | 28.9 micrograms per cubic meter | 30.86 micrograms per cubic meter | 10 |
| 2000s | 31.9 micrograms per cubic meter | 30.59 micrograms per cubic meter | 32.86 micrograms per cubic meter | 10 |
| 2010s | 32.5 micrograms per cubic meter | 30.6 micrograms per cubic meter | 34.64 micrograms per cubic meter | 10 |
| 2020s | 31.51 micrograms per cubic meter | 30.93 micrograms per cubic meter | 32.61 micrograms per cubic meter | 4 |
Countries ranked near Low income
- 20 Equatorial Guinea 42.22 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 21 Senegal 41.65 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 22 Djibouti 40.3 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 23 Iran, Islamic Republic of 40.25 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 24 Benin 39.66 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 25 Gambia 38.27 micrograms per cubic meter compare
- 26 Afghanistan 37.95 micrograms per cubic meter compare
More urban development data for Low income
- Population in the largest city 29.4% (2025)
- Population density 49.5 people per sq. km of land area (2023)
- PM2.5 air pollution, population exposed to levels exceeding WHO 100.0% (2017)
Frequently asked questions
- What is pm2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure in Low income?
- Pm2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure in Low income was 31.35 micrograms per cubic meter in 2023, according to Global Burden of Disease Study 2023 (GBD 2023) Air Pollution Exposure Estimates and Risk Curves 1990-2023, GBD Collaborator Network.
- What is the highest pm2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure recorded in Low income?
- The highest recorded value was 34.64 micrograms per cubic meter in 2015.
- What is the lowest pm2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure recorded in Low income?
- The lowest recorded value was 28.9 micrograms per cubic meter in 1995.
- How does Low income rank for pm2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure?
- Low income ranks 23rd out of 45 groups with data for 2023.
- Is pm2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure rising or falling in Low income?
- Over the last ten years it is down 5.0%. The long-run trend across the full record is rising.
- Where does this Low income data come from?
- The figures come from Global Burden of Disease Study 2023 (GBD 2023) Air Pollution Exposure Estimates and Risk Curves 1990-2023, GBD Collaborator Network, published as part of PM2.5 air pollution, mean annual exposure (micrograms per cubic meter). Statizoid updates them automatically from the source API.
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About this data
Population-weighted exposure to ambient PM2.5 pollution is defined as the average level of exposure of a nation's population to concentrations of suspended particles measuring less than 2.5 microns in aerodynamic diameter, which are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and causing severe health damage. Exposure is calculated by weighting mean annual concentrations of PM2.5 by population in both urban and rural areas.